SNPs are DNA sequence variations that occur when a single base in a gene is changed. SNPs in the coding regions of genes or in regulatory regions are more likely to cause functional differences than SNPs elsewhere. SNPs usually occur in non-coding regions more frequently than in coding regions. SNPs in non-coding regions may also have an impact on gene splicing, transcription factor binding or non-coding RNA. SNPs in the coding region are of two types, synonymous and nonsynonymous SNPs. Synonymous SNPs do not affect the protein sequence. A nonsynonymous variant causes an amino acid change in the corresponding protein. If a nonsynonymous variant alters protein function, the change can have drastic phenotypic consequences.
Author(s) Details:
Hsiu-Lin Huang,
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
I-Yen Huang,
Ugintech Co. Ltd., 5F-5, No. 282, Zhishi North 2nd Road, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
Chia-Yu Lin,
Johnson Chemical Pharmaceutical Works Co. Ltd., No. 77, Sec. 4, Sanhe Road, Sanchong Dist., New Taipei City 241, Taiwan.
Mu-Chiou Huang,
Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.